Tuesday 13 September 2011

Land use plans

Government of India has proposed Land Acquisition Bill to promote development and compensate for the sellers(farmers) of land. The bill sets limits like for instance if a piece of land was acquired and ten years ago and  it was not used for ten years, then it has to be returned to the original owner. For land already acquired also(lets say 5 years ago) this rule will apply retrospectively also.Resettlement for the dwellers and provision for  their rehabilitation is also kept in mind and is included in the clauses of the bill. For instance if, the cost  to be spent on resettlement  and relief for their rehabilitation would be 40% of the cost of the forest land acquired to be spent for the forest dwellers' development. Different states which are pro-industry have given different rates of appreciation of the land acquired, for instance state of Gujrat would give different prices of land acquired in rural and urban areas. And the state of Orissa gives more stress to resettlement and relief  clause. because the tribal forest dwellers are a big part of the population in that state."Public purpose" could be used to describe land  for railways, ports, irrigation canals, or industries. Some argue that all industries can be classified as public purpose of "employment generation". But when non-government industries take over, it is "exploitation generation" rephrased as public purpose. It is left to interpretation.Low cost housing is not included as "public purpose" and in the future, the greatest need in India would be this and this bill has not made concessions for that. And it has allowed acquisition of prime agricultural land which give several yields per year. As per the new definitions, already some have violated the land bill as POSCO has violated the rights of the forest dwellers. It is proposed that a seven stage process would be used to make "social assessment" of the land acquired before the deal is struck. Some cases are there where solution is not yet found. Yamuna Expressway strip of land was acquired for 850 Rupees for each square meter from the farmer, and government resold it private builders and it is now worth18,000 Rupees for each square meter.It is proposed that the farmer should get 25% of the appreciation. But will this satisfy the farmer? Does he have any say in this? This is legitimizing  real estate dealings as per standards that market forces demands. Once sold away, it would be bought by any one who has power to buy.It is like selling away most valuable part of us-our identity, our culture, our soil, our homeland. There is news today that countries like the Maldives feel that their islands may disappear due to sea level-rise and global warming, they want to buy land in India.Anyone from anywhere can buy part of us. what would the future be like? We might become people without homeland, and our homeland  will be without us,its people. We might not be allowed to move in our own land, we may become second class citizens in our own country(may be servant class). We cannot let that happen. Farmers have to become stakeholders of their lands, and they should only sign on lease to make deals and not sell away their homelands.Only global market forces will prevail and this trend is facilitated by unstructured laws and faulty policies.

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